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TOEFL - TEST OF ENGLISH AS FOREIGN LANGUAGE

TEST OF ENGLISH AS FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TOEFL)

Overview

The TOEFL test is the most widely accepted English-language test in the world. No matter where you want to study, the TOEFL test can help get you there.

TOEFL is accepted by more institutions than any other English-language test in the world — including the top colleges and universities.

There are about 6000 institutions in 110 countries, including almost every university in the USA, UK, Australia, New Zealand and Canada, that rely on TOEFL scores for admissions, scholarship and graduation decisions.

The TOEFL test gives you more convenience and flexibility as the entire test is taken in one day, which saves you travel time and costs. And, there are more than 4,000 test centers to choose from. You can also retake the test in just 7 days, if you want to improve your scores.

The TOEFL test gives you the skills you need to communicate in real-life, academic situations.In the classroom and on campus, you will be able to communicate your ideas effectively. Listen to lectures, read textbooks and online research, write academic papers and e-mails, and speak with other students and professors.

The TOEFL test is fair and accurate.All test takers have a similar test-taking experience, which eliminates the inconsistency of interviews that could negatively impact your scores.

Scores are objective and unbiased. Tests are scored anonymously by ETS-certified experts.

You can take either the Internet-based Test (iBT) or the Paper-based Test (PBT), depending on which format is offered at your nearest test center.

The TOEFL test (Test of English as a Foreign Language) measures the ability of non-native speakers of English to use and understand the English language as it is spoken, written, and heard in the university classroom. In order for the TOEFL iBT to measure how well you use these skills together, you will be asked to integrate these skills for the test. For example, you may read a passage or listen to a lecture, and then write or speak about what you learned.

The test is scheduled on predetermined dates, 30-40 times a year, at more than 4,000 secure, Internet-based test centers around the globe. ETS also offers the TOEF Paper-based Test (or TOEFL PBT) in areas where the TOEFL iBT is not available. The TOEFL PBT is offered 6 times a year. You can register online or by mail.

The TOEFL iBT measures how well you read, listen, speak and write in English and use these skills together in the university classroom. For example, you might read a passage or listen to a lecture, and then write or speak about what you learned.The TOEFL Paper-based Test (PBT) measures how well you read, listen and write in English. Writing skills are measured with the TWE (Test of Written English) test, which everyone takes as part of the TOEFL PBT.

Language specialists prepare TOEFL test questions and follow rigorous, standardized procedures to ensure that test material is of consistent high quality. Each question is reviewed by several ETS staff members. The TOEFL Committee of Examiners - an independent group of professionals in the fields of linguistics, language testing and language teaching that reports to the TOEFL Board - establishes guidelines for test content.

After test questions have been reviewed and revised, they are administered in trial situations and assembled into tests. Tests are reviewed according to ETS and TOEFL program procedures to ensure that all tests are free of cultural bias. Statistical analyses of individual questions ensure that all items provide appropriate measurement information.

About TOEFL :

TOEFL

Test of English as a Foreign Language.

Website

www.toefl.org or www.ets.org

Validity

The score is valid for 2 years.

Reporting

The score is sent to 4 universities by ETS free of cost at the time of exam. ETS charges additionally for scores sent to universities later.

Registration

By phone, fax or mail.

Address :

PROMETRIC TESTING PRIVATE LIMITED
2^nd Floor, DLF Infinity Tower - A,
Sector 25, Phase II,
DLF City Gurgaon,
HARYANA - 122 002.
Phone: 0124-5147700
Fax: 0124-5147773 / 0124-5147774.
Email: india.rrc@thomson.com

Forms

Forms are available at USEFI (US Education Foundation in India) or they can be downloaded from the website.

Requirements For Phone / Fax Registration

Name as in the Passport, Address, Credit Card Number, Name of the Cardholder, Expiry date of the card. (The card has to be an International Card).

Centres

Ahmedabad, Allahabad, Bangalore, Kolkata, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Trivandrum.

Confirmation

A registration no is given as terms of confirmation.

Rescheduling

Intimation is to be given to the ETS 3 days prior to the examination date. The necessary rescheduling fee has to be paid.

Cancellation

Intimation is to be given to the ETS 3 days prior to the examination date. A cancellation fee is applicable.

Mode

The TOEFL iBT test is a computer adaptive test (CAT) in India.

Number of Tests

Any no. of times in a year.

Scores

Total score is out of 120 for iBT TOEFL where as for PBT the score scale ranges from 310 to 677. If the test is taken more than once, all the scores and the dates are sent to the universities. Scores can be cancelled before coming out of the test.

Administered By

ETS (Educational Testing Service)

TOEFL Internet-Based Test

The TOEFL iBT sets a new standard for measuring communicative English skills by simulating actual university situations. TOEFL iBT, backed by ten years of research, development and testing, redefines the way English is learned and measured.

This is the first large-scale, Internet-delivered English-proficiency assessment to measure test takers' ability to integrate and use all four language skills: listening, reading, writing and speaking.

The new test also sets the standard for providing fair, unbiased and objective scoring, building on ETS's record and reputation as the world leader in all facets of educational assessment. More than 6,000 colleges and universities in 110 countries rely on TOEFL test scores to measure the English-language skills of their students.

TOEFL iBT Fees :

Item	Fees
Registration	Fees vary by country
Late registration	US$25
Rescheduling	US$50
Reinstatement of canceled TOEFL iBT scores	US$20
Additional score reports (per institution or agency)	US$17 each
TOEFL iBT Speaking or Writing Section rescore	US$60
TOEFL iBT Speaking and Writing Section rescore	US$120
Returned personal check (paper or electronic)	US$20

Format of TOEFL iBT :

Section	Description	Testing Time	Questions	Score Scale
Reading	3-5 passages from academic texts; approximately 700 words long; 12-14 questions per passage.	60-100 minutes	36-70 questions	0-30
Listening	4-6 lectures, some with classroom discussion; each 3-5 minutes long; 6 questions each. 2-3 conversations; each 3 minutes long; 5 questions each.	60-90 minutes	34-51 questions	0-30
Break	-	10 minutes	-	-
Speaking	2 tasks to express an opinion on a familiar topic; 4 tasks to speak based on what is read and listened to.	20 minutes	6 tasks	0-4 points converted to 0-30 score scale
Writing	1 task to write based on what is read and listened to; 1 task to support an opinion on a topic.	50 minutes	2 tasks	0-5 points converted to 0-30 score scale
Total score	-	-	-	0-120

TOEFL Paper Based Test

The TOEFL test has different versions that are used in different countries. All versions are equally valid and reliable and are developed and administered based on the stringent ETS Standards for Quality and Fairness.
In areas where the iBT is not available, a paper-based test (PBT) is given. The PBT TOEFL test comprises three sections plus a 30-minute writing test (the Test of Written English).

The raw score for each section is converted by statistical means to a number on what is called the TOEFL test scale. The total paper-based test score is reported on a scale that ranges from 310 to 677.

Format of TOEFL PBT :

Section	Time Limit	No. of Questions	Score Scale
Listening Comprehension	30-40 minutes	50	31 to 68
Structure and Written Expression	25 minutes	40	31 to 68
Reading Comprehension	55 minutes	50	31 to 67
Writing (Test of Written English)	30 minutes	1 topic	31o to 667

TOEFL PBT Fees

Item	Fee
TOEFL PBT Test Fee	US$150
TSE Test Fee	US$125
Additional Score Reports (per recipient)	US$17 each
TOEFL PBT Answer Sheet Rescore	US$25
TWE® Essay Rescore	US$50
TSE Responses Rescore	US$60
Returned Personal Check	US$20

TOEFL QUESTION TYPES

TOEFL iBT

The TOEFL iBT measures skills in reading, listening, speaking and writing, and requires you to combine 2 or more of these skills to respond to a question. For example, you might read a passage or listen to a lecture in English, and then write or speak your answers in English.

TOEFL PBT

The TOEFL Paper-based Test (PBT) has 3 sections plus a 30-minute writing test, the TWE (Test of Written English), which is required of everyone who takes the paper-based test. PBT tests essentially the same skills as the CBT (mode in which TOEFL exams were conducted before the introduction of iBT mode), albeit with some differences, noticeably the number of questions (which is higher in the PBT) and the score scales.

Listening Comprehension

In this section of the test, you will have an opportunity to demonstrate your ability to understand conversations and talks in English. You will be tested on your comprehension of general ideas and supporting details of the conversations and lectures. You will also be asked to identify a speaker’s purpose in making a particular statement, and a speaker’s attitude toward a particular topic. Questions refer to the content and intent of the phrases, as well as to the speakers' attitude and meaning, either in short conversations or in lectures. There are three parts in this section with special directions for each part. Answer all the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied by the speakers you hear.

Part A

Here a short conversation between two people will be played. After each conversation a question is asked. The conversations and the questions will not be repeated. One has to tick the correct answer among the 4 options given

Example:

On the recording one would hear:

Woman: "I don’t like this painting very much"
Man: "neither do I."
Narrator: "what does the man mean?"

Options:
(A) He does not like the painting either
(B) He doesn’t know how to paint
(C) He doesn’t have any paintings
(D) He doesn’t know what to do

The correct answer in this case is (A).

Part B

In this part of the test conversations will be longer. After each conversation, one would hear several questions. The conversations and the questions will not be repeated. One has to tick the correct answer among the 4 options given:

Example:

Narrator: "Questions 4 through 7. Listen to the conversation about a trip."
Man: "Are you ready for the “Big Apple”?"
Woman: "Excuse me?"
Man: "You know, New York City. You are going to New York with us, aren’t you? I wanted to show everybody around my old neighborhood."
Woman: "Oh...sure! I wouldn’t miss it-especially when the tour guide is a native New Yorker."
Man: "I thought we could start at the Museum of Modern Art. Right now there is an exhibit on 20th century American painters."
Woman: "Fine with me...but what are you saying about ‘A big apple’?"
Man: "“The Big Apple." It's a nickname for New York. I think I heard once that it started with jazz musicians in the 20’s."
Woman: "Oh!"
Man: "Whenever they played a concert in a city, they called that city an ‘apple’. In those days, New York was the biggest city in the country, so they called it “The Big Apple.”"
Woman: "Hey, I have an idea! Let’s go to a jazz club while we’re there."
Man: "Sounds good."

Questions:

1. You will hear:
Narrator: "What is the man planning to see?"
A. An art exhibit
B. A Broadway plays
C. A modern dance production
D. An opera

2. What can be inferred about the man?
A. He is a jazz musician
B. He wants to join the woman's club.
C. He is in his 20’s.
D. He was born in New York

3. What does the word “Apple” in the phrase “The Big Apple” refer to ?
A. An instrument
B. A city
C. A theatre
D. A concert

4. Who gave New York its nickname?
A. Painters
B. Tour Guides
C. Musicians
D. Grocers

Part C

In this part of the test you will hear several talks. After each talk you will hear some questions. The talks and the questions will not be repeated.

Example:

On the recording you will hear:
Narrator: "Listen to the instructor’s talk about a television program."
Man: "I’d like to tell you about an interesting TV program that’ll be shown this coming Thursday. It’ll be from 9p.m. to 10p.m. on Channel 4. It’s a part of a series called “Mysteries of Human Biology”. The subject of the program is “The Human Brain”; how it functions and how it can malfunction. Topics that will be covered are dreams, memory, and depression. These topics are illustrated with outstanding computer animation that makes explanation easy to follow. Make an effort to see this show. Since we have been studying nervous system in the class, you will find it extremely useful."

1. What is the main purpose of the program?

A. To demonstrate the latest use of computer graphics.
B. To discuss the possibility of economic depression
C. To explain the workings of the brain
D. To dramatize a famous mystery story.

Ans: C

2. Why does the speaker recommend watching the program?

A. It is required of all science majors
B. It will never be shown again
C. It can help viewers improve their memory skills.
D. It will help in the course work.

Ans: D

Structured and Written Expression

There are 2 types of questions in this section, with special directions for each type.

Type 1 : Complete the sentences with the best phrase

Example:

Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes _____________ they both emit hot liquids from below the Earth's surface.

A. due to
B. because
C. in spite of
D. regardless of

Ans: B

Type 2 : Sentence Correction

The sentence has 4 underlined words or phrases. Identify one underlined word or phrase that must be changed to correct the sentence.

Example:

Guppies are sometimes call rainbow fish because of the A B C male’s bright colours. D

Ans: A

Reading Comprehension

The reading section measures your ability to read and understand passages in English. You will be tested on your comprehension of major ideas, important information, vocabulary, and relationships among ideas in the passage.

A passage is given. One has to read the passage and answer the questions given beneath the passage.

“Despite the many cultural and political differences among nations, the objectives and curriculum at least of elementary education tend to be similar. Nearly all nations are officially committed to mass education, which is viewed as eventually including a full elementary education for all. An increasing agreement may therefore be found among nations to the effect that preparation for citizenship is one of the major objectives of elementary education. In terms of curriculum, this objective suggests an emphasis on language competence, arithmetic skills, and basic social studies and science. The proportion of school time devoted to each of these areas may vary from nation to nation, but taken as a whole, they typically comprise the bulk of the curriculum.

Some observers viewing the less developed nations have suggested that such a curriculum does not cover enough ground and that community or vocational skills should be included. Many innovations in this direction have been attempted. Local crafts are taught in the basic schools of India, for example; agriculture has been introduced in some of the primary schools of Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania; and introductory skills in wood and metalworking are included in the curriculum of mainland China. The specific reasons for teaching hand skills in the elementary school vary from nation to nation. In a few nations, such teaching is viewed as providing vocational or pre-vocational skills; in some nations it is hoped that the products of the children's work will be marketable and hence defray the expenses of schooling; and in still other nations handwork is seen as a way of instilling an appreciation for labour. Some parents have voiced objections to these changes, however, and students who fear that the introduction of "practical" subjects may lessen the possibility of entrance to secondary schools a widely held pupil aspiration."

Example:

Q. All the following have been mentioned as purposes of providing vocational elementary education except:

(a) earning some revenue for the school by sale of objects produced by students
(b) teaching agriculture to students
(c) lack of adequate trained teachers to teach traditional subjects
(d) instilling an appreciation of labour

Ans: C

Speaking Comprehension

The speaking section measures your ability to speak in English about a variety of topics. There are six questions in this section. All of the questions are about topics that are appropriate for international students.
You do not need any special knowledge of any subject to respond to the question.

Writing Comprehension

The writing section measures your ability to plan and write responses to questions in essay format. You must be able to select and convey relevant information, organize and support ideas, and demonstrate that you can use English effectively.

You will also be given a topic and will have 30 minutes to write an essay on that topic. Before the topic is presented, you must choose whether to type your essay on the computer or to hand write your essay on the answer sheet provided.

TOEFL Scoring :

Your TOEFL (iBT or PBT) test fee includes:

One test taker's score report and up to 4 official score reports, which are sent by ETS directly to 4 institutions or agencies that you select.

You will receive a score on each section and a total score for the entire test. You will also receive feedback on your performance and a description of tasks that test takers can do within the score range for each level for iBT TOEFL test.

TOEFL iBT Score Scales

Skill	Score Range	Level
Reading	0-30	Low (0-14)
		Intermediate (15-21)
		High (22-30)
Listening	0-30	Low (0-14)
		Intermediate (15-21)
		High (22-30)
Speaking	0-4 points converted to 0-30 score scale	Weak (0-9)
		Limited (10-17)
		Fair (18-25)
		Good (26-30)
Writing	0-5 points converted to 0-30 score scale	Limited (1-16)
		Fair (17-23)
		Good (24-30)
Total Score	0-120

The Reading and Listening sections are scored by a computer.

Speaking Section

Each of 6 tasks is rated from 0 to 4. The average is converted to a scaled score of 0 to 30. ETS-certified test scorers rate responses and evaluate how well you develop your topic and deliver your message in English.

Writing Section

2 tasks are rated from 0 to 5. The average is converted to a scaled score of 0 to 30. ETS-certified experts score responses by:

evaluating the integrated writing task for development, organization, grammar, vocabulary, accuracy and
completeness.

rating the independent writing essay on overall writing quality, including development, organization,
grammar and vocabulary.

When you finish taking the test, you can cancel your scores. But consider carefully before canceling as you cannot cancel your scores for one section and have scores for other sections reported.If you cancel your scores, they will not be reported to you or any institutions. A refund on the test fee will also not be given. Canceled scores are not added to your permanent record and there is no fee for canceling your scores.

Canceled scores can be reinstated if your request is received at ETS no later than 10 days after your test date. Reinstated scores are reported online about 3 weeks after your request is received. Your score report will then be mailed to you and your designated institutions.

You can also have the Writing and Speaking sections of your test rescored — up to 3 months after you take the test. The test can be rescored only once and if both sections need to rescored they have to be done at once with a fee of $60 per section. Scores are reported online about 3 weeks after your request for a rescore is received. Your score report will then be mailed to you and your designated institutions.

TOEFL PBT Scores

Skill	Score Range
Listening Comprehension	31 to 68
Structure/Written Expression	31 to 68
Reading Comprehension	31 to 67
Total Score	310 to 677

Each correct answer counts equally toward the score for that section. There is no penalty for wrong answers. The total number of correct answers is called the "raw score." There is no passing or failing score. Score requirements are established by individual institutions and agencies. TOEFL PBT Scores are valid for 2 years.

The raw score for each section is converted by statistical means to a number on what is called the TOEFL test scale. The TOTAL paper-based test score is reported on a scale that ranges from 310 to 677.

TWE (Test of Written English) Scores (Written Section)

The TWE score is reported on a scale of 1 to 6 and printed in a separate box on the TOEFL score report. It is not added to the TOEFL score. A score between 2 points on the scale (for example, 5.5, 3.5) can also be reported.

When you finish taking the test, you can cancel your scores. But consider carefully before canceling as you cannot cancel your scores for one section and have scores for other sections reported.If you cancel your scores, they will not be reported to you or any institutions. A refund on the test fee will also not be given. Canceled scores are not added to your permanent record and there is no fee for canceling your scores. TOEFL PBT scores cannot be reinstated.

You can have your TOEFL PBT answer sheet, TWE essay or TSE responses rescored — up to 3 months after you take the test. Tests can be rescored only once.

Results of the rescoring will be available approximately 3 weeks after TOEFL/TSE Services receives your request form and fee.

The following scoring guidelines relate to the TOEFL PBT Writing section:

Score of 6
An essay at this level:

Effectively addresses the writing task

Well organized and well developed

Uses clearly appropriate details to support a thesis or illustrate ideas displays

consistent facility in the use of language

demonstrates syntactic variety and appropriate word choice

Score of 5
An essay at this level:

May address some parts of the task more effectively than others

Generally well organized and developed

Uses details to support a thesis or illustrate an idea

displays facility in the use of the language

demonstrates some syntactic variety and range of vocabulary

Score of 4
An essay at this level:

addresses the writing topic adequately but may slight parts of the task

Adequately organized and developed

Uuses some details to support a thesis or illustrate an idea

Demonstrates adequate but possibly inconsistent facility with syntax and usage may contain some errors that occasionally obscure meaning

Score of 3
An essay at this level may reveal 1 or more of the following weaknesses:

inadequate organization or development

inappropriate or insufficient details to support or illustrate generalizations

a noticeably inappropriate choice of words or word forms

an accumulation of errors in sentence structure and/or usage

Score of 2
An essay at this level is seriously flawed by 1 or more of the following weaknesses:

serious disorganization or underdevelopment

little or no detail, or irrelevant specifics

serious and frequent errors in sentence structure or usage

serious problems with focus

Score of 1
An essay at this level:

may be incoherent may be undeveloped

may contain severe and persistent writing errors

Score of 0
An essay will be rated 0 if it:

contains no response

merely copies the topic

is off-topic, is written in a foreign language or consists only of keystroke characters

TOEFL Test Score Data Retention Policy

Individually identifiable TOEFL test scores are retained in a database for only two years. After two years, all information that could identify an individual is removed. If you took the TOEFL test more than two years ago, you will have to take the test again to have the scores sent to you, an institution, or an agency.